@article {merz_seismicity_2019,
	title = {Seismicity and Velocity Structure of Lo{\textquoteright}ihi Submarine Volcano and Southeastern Hawai{\textquoteright}i},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth},
	volume = {124},
	number = {11},
	year = {2019},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2019JB018168},
	pages = {11380{\textendash}11393},
	abstract = {Hundreds of earthquakes were recorded during a nine-month ocean bottom seismometer deployment surrounding Lo{\textquoteright}ihi submarine volcano, Hawai{\textquoteright}i. The 12-station ocean bottom seismometer network widened the aperture of earthquake detection around the Big Island, allowing better constraints on the location of seismicity offshore Hawai{\textquoteright}i. Although this deployment occurred during a time of volcanic quiescence for Lo{\textquoteright}ihi, it establishes an important basis for background seismicity of the volcano. Offshore seismicity during this study was dominated by events located in the mantle fault zone at depths of 25{\textendash}40 km. These events reflect rupture on preexisting faults in the lower lithosphere caused by stresses induced by volcano loading and flexure of the Pacific Plate (Pritchard et al., 2007, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03169.x; Wolfe et al., 2004, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GC000618). Tomography was performed using double-difference seismic tomography and showed shallow velocities to be slower than the regional velocity model (HG50; Klein, 1981, https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/71/5/1503/118231/A-linear-gradient-crustal-model-for-south-Hawaii). A broad, low-velocity anomaly was observed from 20{\textendash}40-km depth, and is suggestive of the central plume conduit that supplies magma to Lo{\textquoteright}ihi and the active volcanoes of the Big Island. A localized high-velocity body is observed 4{\textendash}6-km depth beneath Lo{\textquoteright}ihi{\textquoteright}s summit, extending 10 km to the north and south. Following Lo{\textquoteright}ihi{\textquoteright}s active rift zones and crossing the summit, this high-velocity body is characteristic of intrusive material. Two low-velocity anomalies are observed below the oceanic crust, interpreted as melt accumulation beneath Lo{\textquoteright}ihi and magmatic underplating beneath Hawai{\textquoteright}i Island.},
	keywords = {Hawai{\textquoteright}i, hot spot, Lo{\textquoteright}ihi seamount, tomography, volcano seismology},
	issn = {2169-9356},
	doi = {10.1029/2019JB018168},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2019JB018168},
	author = {Merz, D. K. and Caplan-Auerbach, J. and Thurber, C. H.}
}
