@article {st_clair_along-strike_2016,
	title = {Along-strike structure of the Costa Rican convergent margin from seismic a refraction/reflection survey: Evidence for underplating beneath the inner forearc},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},
	volume = {17},
	number = {2},
	year = {2016},
	note = {_eprint: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2015GC006029},
	month = {02/2016},
	pages = {501{\textendash}520},
	abstract = {The convergent margin offshore Costa Rica shows evidence of subsidence due to subduction erosion along the outer forearc and relatively high rates of uplift (\~{}3{\textendash}6 mm/yr) along the coast. Recently erupted arc lavas exhibit a low 10Be signal, suggesting that although nearly the entire package of incoming sediments enters the subduction zone, very little of that material is carried directly with the downgoing Cocos plate to the magma generating depths of the mantle wedge. One mechanism that would explain both the low 10Be and the coastal uplift is the underplating of sediments, tectonically eroded material, and seamounts beneath the inner forearc. We present results of a 320 km long, trench-parallel seismic reflection and refraction study of the Costa Rican forearc. The primary observations are (1) margin perpendicular faulting of the basement, (2) thickening of the Cocos plate to the northwest, and (3) two weak bands of reflections in the multichannel seismic (MCS) reflection image with travel times similar to the top of the subducting Cocos plate. The modeled depths to these reflections are consistent with an \~{}40 km long, 1{\textendash}3 km thick region of underplated material \~{}15 km beneath some of the highest observed coastal uplift rates in Costa Rica.},
	keywords = {convergent margin, Costa Rica, subduction zone processes},
	issn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1002/2015GC006029},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2015GC006029},
	author = {St. Clair, J. and Holbrook, W. S. and Van Avendonk, H. J. A. and Lizarralde, D.}
}
@article {van_avendonk_structure_2011,
	title = {Structure and serpentinization of the subducting Cocos plate offshore Nicaragua and Costa Rica},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},
	volume = {12},
	number = {6},
	year = {2011},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2011GC003592},
	abstract = {The Cocos plate experiences extensional faulting as it bends into the Middle American Trench (MAT) west of Nicaragua, which may lead to hydration of the subducting mantle. To estimate the along strike variations of volatile input from the Cocos plate into the subduction zone, we gathered marine seismic refraction data with the R/V Marcus Langseth along a 396 km long trench parallel transect offshore of Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Our inversion of crustal and mantle seismic phases shows two notable features in the deep structure of the Cocos plate: (1) Normal oceanic crust of 6 km thickness from the East Pacific Rise (EPR) lies offshore Nicaragua, but offshore central Costa Rica we find oceanic crust from the northern flank of the Cocos Nazca (CN) spreading center with more complex seismic velocity structure and a thickness of 10 km. We attribute the unusual seismic structure offshore Costa Rica to the midplate volcanism in the vicinity of the Gal{\'a}pagos hot spot. (2) A decrease in Cocos plate mantle seismic velocities from \~{}7.9 km/s offshore Nicoya Peninsula to \~{}6.9 km/s offshore central Nicaragua correlates well with the northward increase in the degree of crustal faulting outboard of the MAT. The negative seismic velocity anomaly reaches a depth of \~{}12 km beneath the Moho offshore Nicaragua, which suggests that larger amounts of water are stored deep in the subducting mantle lithosphere than previously thought. If most of the mantle low velocity zone can be interpreted as serpentinization, the amount of water stored in the Cocos plate offshore central Nicaragua may be about 2.5 times larger than offshore Nicoya Peninsula. Hydration of oceanic lithosphere at deep sea trenches may be the most important mechanism for the transfer of aqueous fluids to volcanic arcs and the deeper mantle.},
	keywords = {Central America, Cocos Plate, Gal{\'a}pagos hot spot, plate bending and faulting, seismic velocities, subduction},
	issn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2011GC003592},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2011GC003592},
	author = {Van Avendonk, H. J. A. and Holbrook, W. S. and Lizarralde, D. and Denyer, P.}
}
